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For seating there are two main flammability codes in use in the United
States:
TB 117 is a series of individual tests involving materials used in
seating, such as a test for foam, a test for fabric, etc.
TB133, unlike other tests requires that a fully upholstered seating
unit, not just its components, must pass a full scale open flame burn test. TB133
recreates conditions typical of real fires and it is by far the most difficult and
comprehensive flammability test.
TB133 was passed as a standard for safe seating in high risk areas such as nursing
homes, healthcare facilities, prisons, hotels, motels, auditoriums, etc. Very simply, when
seating complies with TB133 it will save lives. That is the best reason of all to test.
Because TB133 is becoming an industry standard for high risk - public spaces, and
because it is law in several states and cities, it is important to realize that the only
way to meet the standard is to pass the test. This involves burning an actual seating
unit, upholstered in the same fabric used with the same construction materials.
How Does the TB 133 Test Work?
Using an upholstered piece of seating, an ignition source such as a calibrated gas
burner is placed 1" above the seat and 2" from the back of the seat. The burners
are then ignited for 80 seconds, and four things are measured:
-
Carbon monoxide concentration: maximum allowance: 1000 parts per million for 5 minutes
-
Smoke opacity (density of smoke):
metered particles allowance, 75%
-
Temperature rise at two locations:
-- in front, at 4 ft: maximum 50º increase
-- at ceiling, 8 ft.: maximum 200º increase
-
Quantity of combustion
-- weight loss: allowance, 3 pounds
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